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  • Handbook logo Standards for Supporting Crop-related Livelihoods in Emergencies (SEADS)

    • PRAISE FOR THIS BOOK

    • CONTENTS

    • LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

  • Chapter 1 icon Chapter 1: How to Use this Handbook

    • What is SEADS?

    • Who should use SEADS?

    • How should I use SEADS?

    • What is the structure of each SEADS minimum standard?

      • The standard

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Key process indicators

      • Supplementary resources

    • When should I use SEADS?

  • Chapter 2 icon Chapter 2: The Scope and Approach of SEADS

    • Why is crop-related crisis response important?

    • What is a crop-related crisis response?

      • Which crisis-affected people can benefit from SEADS?

      • What crops and crises does SEADS cover?

    • What approach does SEADS take to crop-related response?

      • Evidence-based approach

      • Livelihoods-based approach

      • Rights-based approach

        • The right to food

        • The right to life with dignity

      • SEADS and communities affected by conflict

    • What types of crisis can affect crop producers?

    • How does a crisis impact the livelihoods of crop producers?

    • Examples of crises and impacts

      • Slow-onset crisis: Ethiopia

      • Rapid-onset crisis: Typhoon Haiyan

      • Complex crisis: Syrian Arab Republic

      • A new type of crisis: COVID-19

    • What are the SEADS foundations?

      • The Humanitarian Charter

      • Protection Principles

      • The Core Humanitarian Standard

      • Sphere and the Humanitarian Standards Partnership

    • How does SEADS fit in humanitarian response?

      • SEADS reinforces the relevance of other HSP initiatives to crop-based livelihoods

      • SEADS is committed to quality and accountability of responses that support crop-based livelihoods

    • Recommended reading

  • Chapter 3 icon Chapter 3: SEADS Principles

    • SEADS Principle 1: Use livelihoods-based programming

      • Access to land and water resources

      • Pre-crisis market characteristics

      • Seasonal conditions

    • SEADS Principle 2: Use a participatory approach in all aspects of crisis response

      • Active engagement

        • Initial assessment

        • Design

        • Targeting

        • Planning

        • Implementation

        • Review during monitoring

        • Evaluation

      • Promotion of social equity

    • SEADS Principle 3: Commit to preparedness and early action

      • Disaster risk reduction

      • Anticipatory actions

    • SEADS Principle 4: Consider climate change and minimize environmental impacts

    • SEADS Principle 5: Establish coordinated responses

    • Recommended reading

      • SEADS Principle 1: Use livelihoods-based programming

      • SEADS Principle 2: Use a participatory approach in all aspects of crisis response

      • SEADS Principle 3: Commit to preparedness and early action

      • SEADS Principle 4: Consider climate change and minimize environmental impacts

      • SEADS Principle 5: Establish coordinated responses

  • Chapter 4 icon Chapter 4: Initial Assessment for Crop-related Crisis Response

    • The importance of initial assessment for crop-related crisis response

    • Initial assessment and response-area identification minimum standards for crop-related crisis response

      • Minimum Standard 4.1: Initial assessment timing and team competency

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 4.2: Initial assessment approach

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 4.3: Initial assessment questions and methods

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 4.4: Selecting response areas

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

    • Recommended reading

    • Appendix 4.1: Example questions to gather initial and technical data

      • Is a crop-related response appropriate?

      • Is a crop-related response necessary?

      • Is a crop-related response feasible?

      • What sociocultural factors influence the possibility and likelihood of livelihood impacts from a crop-related response?

      • How well are local services, input suppliers, and markets functioning?

      • What are appropriate targeting criteria and methods?

    • Appendix 4.2: RAIT example

      • Step 1: Identify relevant crop production stages for each response area.

      • Step 2: Rate each response area for its potential impact on each livelihood objective.

      • Step 3: Prioritize the response area(s) that have the greatest potential for impact on livelihoods (those with the highest scores), are most feasible, and are within your organization’s capabilities to execute.

    • Appendix 4.3: RAIT template

    • Appendix 4.4: The three SEADS response areas can each impact livelihoods

  • Chapter 5 icon Chapter 5: Seed and Seed Systems

    • Links to the SEADS livelihood objectives

    • The importance of seed and seed systems in crisis response

    • Technical options for supporting seed and seed systems

      • Technical Option 1: Facilitate access to seed

      • Technical Option 2: Support for the seed system

      • Technical Option 3: Provide seed

    • Advantages and disadvantages of each technical option

    • Timing of seed and seed systems technical options

    • Decision tree to select technical options

    • Seed and seed system minimum standards

      • Minimum Standard 5.1: Assessment and planning

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 5.2: Identifying technical options and timing

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 5.3: Systems-based assistance

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 5.4: Crop and variety choice

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 5.5: Seed quality

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

    • Recommended reading

    • Appendix 5.1: Initial assessment checklist for seed and seed system responses

      • Background questions

      • Conclusion/exit

      • Crisis context

      • Conclusion/exit

      • Response identification and timing

      • Conclusion/exit

    • Appendix 5.2: Suggested seed quality indicators and targets

  • Chapter 6 icon Chapter 6: Tools, Equipment, and Other Non-seed Inputs

    • Links to the SEADS livelihood objectives

    • The importance of providing tools, equipment, and other non-seed inputs in crisis response

    • Technical options for supporting tools, equipment, and other non-seed inputs

      • Technical Option 1: Facilitate access

      • Technical Option 2: Provide inputs

      • Technical Option 3: Support to formal and informal input systems

    • Advantages and disadvantages of each technical option

    • Timing of tools, equipment, and other non-seed input technical options

    • Decision tree to select technical options

    • Tools, equipment, and other non-seed inputs minimum standards

      • Minimum Standard 6.1: Assessment and planning

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 6.2: Identifying technical options and timing

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 6.3: Market-based services and systems support

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 6.4: Choice of tools, equipment, and other non-seed inputs

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 6.5: Input quality

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

    • Recommended reading

    • Appendix 6.1: Initial assessment checklist for tools, equipment, and other non-seed input responses

      • Context

      • Crisis context

      • Response identification and timing

  • Chapter 7 icon Chapter 7: Crop-related Infrastructure

    • Links to the SEADS livelihood objectives

    • The importance of crop-related infrastructure in crisis response

    • Technical options for supporting crop-related infrastructure

      • Technical Option 1: Facilitate community-led infrastructure rehabilitation

      • Technical Option 2: Lead and implement direct infrastructure rehabilitation

    • Advantages and disadvantages of each technical option

    • Timing of crop-related infrastructure technical options

    • Decision tree to select technical options

    • Crop-related infrastructure minimum standards

      • Minimum Standard 7.1: Assessment and planning

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 7.2: Technical specifications

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 7.3: Location, lifetime, and timing

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

    • Recommended reading

    • Appendix 7.1: Initial assessment checklist for crop-related infrastructure responses

      • Assessment and planning

      • Materials, design, and construction

  • Chapter 8 icon Chapter 8: Impact-oriented Monitoring and Evaluation

    • Impact-oriented monitoring and evaluation minimum standards

      • Minimum Standard 8.1: Participatory approaches

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 8.2: Project objectives

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 8.3: Process monitoring and indicators

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 8.4: Impact indicators

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 8.5: Participatory end-of-project review

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

      • Minimum Standard 8.6: Participatory impact evaluation

      • Key actions

      • Guidance notes

    • Recommended reading

    • Appendix 8.1: Examples of livelihood impact indicators for crop-related crisis response

    • Appendix 8.2: Participatory methods for monitoring and impact evaluation of crop-related crisis responses

    • Appendix 8.3: An example of applying SMART objectives to a crop-related crisis response

    • Appendix 8.4: Example of a simple theory of change for a crop-related crisis response that delivered seeds and fertilizer

    • Appendix 8.5: Tracking alignment with SEADS—key process indicators

    • Appendix 8.6: Methods for estimating crop yields

  • Annexes icon Annexes

    • Annex A: Glossary

    • Annex B: Elements of Team Competency

      • Assess competencies

      • Strengthen competencies

    • Annex C: References

      • Chapter 1: How to Use this Handbook

      • Chapter 2: The Scope and Approach of SEADS

      • Chapter 3: SEADS Principles

      • Chapter 4: Initial Assessment for Crop-related Crisis Response

      • Chapter 5: Seed and Seed Systems

      • Chapter 6: Tools, Equipment, and Other Non-seed Inputs

      • Chapter 7: Crop-related Infrastructure

      • Chapter 8: Impact-oriented Monitoring and Evaluation

      • Annex A

      • Annex B

    • Annex D: Acknowledgments and Contributors

      • SEADS steering group

      • Former steering group members

      • SEADS coordination team

      • Livestock Emergency Guidelines and Standards–LEGS

      • Donor

      • SEADS evidence contributors

      • Chapter contributors

      • Additional technical support

      • Field team members

Copyright ©2023 Standards for Supporting Agricultural Livelihoods in Emergencies
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